Rekan-rekan yang sudah sering melakukan installasi Server dengan Sistem Operasi Ubuntu versi sebelumnya, mungkin akan bingung ketika ingin melakukan konfigurasi IP Static di Ubuntu 18.04. Hal tersebut dikarenakan Ubuntu 18.04 menggunakan Netplan untuk manajemen networknya. Seperti yang kita ketahui bersama, pada versi sebelumnya untuk konfigurasi network letak konfigurasinya ada di dalam file /etc/network/interfaces.
Konfigurasi IP static
Contoh kita ingin melakukan konfigurasi network seperti berikut:
- IP static : 192.168.1.93
- Netmask: 255.255.255.0
- Gateway: 192.168.1.1
- DNS: 202.73.99.4, 202.73.99.2, 111.95.141.4 (DNS dari ISP)
Setelah login ke server sebagai user biasa, login dulu sebagai user root:
user@server:~$ sudo su [sudo] password for user:
Lakukan backup file konfigurasi defaultnya:
# cd /etc/netplan/ # rsync -auvr 50-cloud-init.yaml 50-cloud-init.yaml_backup
Buka file konfigurasinya:
# vi 50-cloud-init.yaml
Edit file sesuai dengan data yang diberikan sebelumnya
# This file is generated from information provided by
# the datasource. Changes to it will not persist across an instance.
# To disable cloud-init's network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
version: 2
renderer: networkd
ethernets:
ens160:
dhcp4: no
dhcp6: no
addresses: [192.168.1.93/24]
gateway4: 192.168.1.1
nameservers:
search: [kelolaserver.com]
addresses: [202.73.99.4, 202.73.99.2, 111.95.141.4]
Notes:
File tersebut menggunakan format YAML, jadi gunakan space untuk mengatur jarak konfigurasinya dan bukan menggunakan Tab ya.
Simpan file konfigurasinya dan jalankan perintah berikut:
# netplan apply
Apabila menemukan error, coba jalankan perintah berikut untuk pengecekan lebih detil:
# netplan --debug apply
Konfigurasi selesai, jangan lupa lakukan pengecekan dan testing network:
Cek IP
root@server:/etc/netplan# ifconfig ens160: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.1.93 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fedc:68a5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> inet6 fdfb:fc3c:7dea:0:20c:29ff:fedc:68a5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global> ether 00:0c:29:dc:68:a5 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 11917 bytes 1711175 (1.7 MB) RX errors 0 dropped 5 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 1672 bytes 214502 (214.5 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 216 bytes 17192 (17.1 KB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 216 bytes 17192 (17.1 KB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
Cek rute gateway
root@server:/etc/netplan# route -N Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens160 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 ens160
Cek nameserver/dns
root@server:/etc/netplan# cat /etc/resolv.conf # This file is managed by man:systemd-resolved(8). Do not edit. # # This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients to the # internal DNS stub resolver of systemd-resolved. This file lists all # configured search domains. # # Run "systemd-resolve --status" to see details about the uplink DNS servers # currently in use. # # Third party programs must not access this file directly, but only through the # symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a different way, # replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlink. # # See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes of # operation for /etc/resolv.conf. nameserver 127.0.0.53 search kelolaserver.com
Cek nslookup
root@server:/etc/netplan# nslookup google.com Server: 127.0.0.53 Address: 127.0.0.53#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: google.com Address: 74.125.24.102 Name: google.com Address: 74.125.24.100 Name: google.com Address: 74.125.24.138 Name: google.com Address: 74.125.24.139 Name: google.com Address: 74.125.24.113 Name: google.com Address: 74.125.24.101 Name: google.com Address: 2404:6800:4003:c04::65
Kalau hasil pengecekan sudah OK, server Ubuntu 18.04 siap untuk digunakan.
Sekian dan terima kasih, semoga bermanfaat ya.